Monthly Archives: July 2018
Expressionism
In the history of art, the term expressionism (from the Latin. Expressio – “expression”) is applicable to a wide range of phenomena. And yet, as a definite trend in art, expressionism unites primarily the work of a group of artists who worked in Germany before the First World War.
Since the end of the XIX century. in German culture there was a special view on the work of art. It was believed that it should carry in itself only the will of the creator, to be created “by internal necessity,” which does not need comments and excuses. At the same time there was a reassessment of aesthetic values. Continue reading
Gothic ornament
Gothic ornament is very diverse and symbolic. It uses transformed ancient and Byzantine motifs, along with new themes.
A characteristic feature of the Gothic ornament are rectilinear geometric forms, forms in the form of a pointed arch, spherical triangles and quadrangles, floral ornament: leaves of grapes, burdock, oak, ivy, clover, roses, etc. Very often you can find the image of the trefoil and double leaf. Later, images of prickly plants begin to appear: blackthorn, thistle, fern and others.
The art of Gothic ornamentation is very closely associated with sculpture. In sculpture, floral ornamental motifs are often used. The idea of using the motives of real flora in gothic decor becomes a kind of law. Continue reading
Surrealism
Surrealism (from French surrealisme – literally over realism) is a trend in modern bourgeois art, which originated in the early 20s in France. As a characteristic expression of the crisis of capitalist society. Surrealism finds its philosophical foundations in Freud’s subjective idealistic theory. The contradictions that tear apart the bourgeois system, the feelings of horror before the real world, generated by these contradictions among some surrealist painters who have broken away from the people, are embodied by the latter in images that cause aversion to reality, to life. Hence the special interest of the surrealists in the reproduction of nightmares, hallucinations, pathological conditions. Created on the basis of the “principles” of surrealism, the paintings of Salvador Dali are filled with horrors, nightmares, and pessimism. Continue reading
